Ikhabhoni yegraphite, ekwaziwa ngokuba yigraphite okanye imathiriyeli yegraphite, yinto ebalaseleyo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye neempawu ezininzi ezinomtsalane zokusebenza.Kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu, ukuqonda indawo yokunyibilika kwekhabhoni yegraphite kubalulekile njengoko kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu.
Ikhabhoni yegraphite yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngeeathom zekhabhoni, ezinezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zekristale.Esona sakhiwo sixhaphakileyo segraphite sisakhiwo esimaleko, apho iiathom zekhabhoni zicwangciswe ngokwemaleko angama-hexagonal, kwaye ukuhlangana phakathi kweeleya kubuthathaka, ngoko ke umaleko unokutyibilika ngokulula.Olu lwakhiwo lunika i-carbon graphite nge-conductivity egqwesileyo ye-thermal kunye ne-lubricity, iyenza isebenze kakuhle kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye neendawo eziphezulu zokukhuhlana.
Indawo yokunyibilika yekhabhoni yegraphite
Indawo yokunyibilika yekhabhoni yegraphite ibhekisa kwiqondo lobushushu apho ikharbhon graphite iguquka ukusuka kokuqinileyo ukuya kulwelo phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomoya.Indawo yokunyibilika yegraphite ixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nesakhiwo sayo sekristale kunye nokucoceka, ngoko unokuba neenguqu ezithile.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, indawo yokunyibilika yegraphite ingaphakathi kuluhlu lobushushu obuphezulu.
Iqondo lokunyibilika eliqhelekileyo legraphite lidla ngokuba malunga nama-3550 ngokukaCelsius (okanye malunga nama-6422 ngokukaFahrenheit).Oku kwenza igraphite ibe yimathiriyeli ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ngokugqithisileyo ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu obuphezulu, njengokunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi, iziko zombane ze-arc, imveliso yesemiconductor, kunye neziko laselabhu.Iqondo layo eliphezulu lokunyibilika lenza ukuba igraphite igcine uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kwezi ndawo zishushu kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba ikwazi ukunyibilika okanye ilahlekelwe ngamandla omatshini.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba indawo yokunyibilika kwegraphite yahlukile kwindawo yayo yokutshisa.Nangona igraphite inganyibiliki kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, inokutshisa phantsi kweemeko ezigqithisileyo (ezifana neendawo ezityebileyo zeoksijini).
Ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu begraphite
Indawo ephezulu yokunyibilika yegraphite idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimimandla emininzi, kwaye oku kulandelayo zezinye zezicelo eziphambili zobushushu obuphezulu:
1. Ukunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi
Kwinkqubo yokunyibilika kwesinyithi, i-graphite ephezulu yokunyibilika isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengamacandelo anjenge-crucibles, i-electrodes, kunye ne-furnace liners.Iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye ine-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo, enceda ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa isinyithi.
2. Ukwenziwa kweSemiconductor
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-semiconductor ifuna iziko lobushushu obuphezulu ukulungiselela izinto ze-semiconductor ezifana ne-crystalline silicon.I-graphite isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengeziko kunye nesixhobo sokufudumeza kuba inokusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kwaye ibonelele nge-thermal conductivity ezinzileyo.
3. Ishishini lemichiza
Igraphite isetyenziswa kushishino lweekhemikhali ukwenza iirectors zekhemikhali, imibhobho, izinto zokufudumeza, kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa i-catalyst.Uzinzo lwayo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokuphatha izinto ezidlekayo.
4. Isitovu selabhoratri
Izitovu zaselabhoratri zisebenzisa igraphite njengendawo yokufudumeza kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto.Iicrucibles zegraphite zikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwisampulu yokunyibilika kunye nohlalutyo lobushushu.
5. I-Aerospace kunye ne-Nuclear Industry
Kwimizi-mveliso ye-aerospace neyenyukliya, igraphite isetyenziselwa ukwenza imathiriyeli yobushushu obuphezulu kunye namalungu, njengezinto ezigqunywe ngamafutha kwizixhobo zenyukliya.
Ukwahluka kunye nosetyenziso lweGrafite
Ukongeza kwi-graphite eqhelekileyo, kukho ezinye iindidi ze-carbon graphite variants, ezifana ne-pyrolytic graphite, i-graphite elungisiweyo, i-metal based graphite composite, njl., ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zokushisa okuphezulu.
Igraphite yePyrolytic: Olu hlobo lwegraphite lune-anisotropy ephezulu kunye ne-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezifana ne-aerospace kunye ne-semiconductor industry.
I-graphite elungisiweyo: Ngokuzisa ukungcola okanye ukuguqulwa kwendawo kwigraphite, iipropati ezithile zingaphuculwa, ezifana nokuphucula ukunyanzeliswa kwe-corrosion okanye ukuphucula i-thermal conductivity.
Izinto ezixutywe ngesinyithi ezisekelwe kwi-graphite: Ezi zixhobo ezidibeneyo zidibanisa i-graphite kunye nezixhobo ezisekelwe kwisinyithi, eziphethe iimpawu zokushisa eziphezulu zegraphite kunye neempawu zomatshini zetsimbi, kwaye zifanelekile kwizakhiwo eziphezulu zokushisa kunye namacandelo.
Cukuqukwa
Indawo ephezulu yokunyibilika kwekhabhoni yegraphite yenza ukuba ibe yimathiriyeli eyimfuneko kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu obuphezulu.Nokuba kukunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi, kwimveliso yesemiconductor, kwishishini lemichiza, okanye kwiziko laselabhoratri, igraphite idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ezi nkqubo zinokuqhutywa ngokuzinzileyo kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.Kwangaxeshanye, ukwahluka okwahlukileyo kunye nokuguqulwa kwegraphite kukwayenza ifaneleke kwizicelo ezithile ezahlukeneyo, ibonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo kuluntu lweshishini kunye nesayensi.Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji, sinokulindela ukubona ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha zobushushu obuphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo rhoqo zeenkqubo zobushushu obuphezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-23-2023