Uhlalutyo olutsha lomgaqo-siseko wokufunxa ubushushu be-silicon carbide graphite crucible

1. Iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kunye nesakhiwo

i-silicon carbide graphite crucible ihlanjululwe kwizinto ezifana negraphite kunye ne-silicon carbide ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezinzima, ukudibanisa iimpawu zabo ezintle. Iimpawu eziphambili zegraphite ziquka:

 

Umbane kunye ne-thermal conductivity: I-graphite ine-conductivity efanelekileyo yombane kunye ne-thermal, evumela ukuba idlulise ngokukhawuleza ukushisa kunye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.

Ukuzinza kweMichiza: Igraphite ihlala izinzile kwaye ixhathisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali kwiindawo ezininzi ezine-acidic kunye ne-alkaline.

Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: I-graphite inokugcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo ixesha elide kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kweenguqu eziphawulekayo ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal okanye ukucutha.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-silicon carbide ziquka:

 

Amandla omatshini: I-silicon carbide inobunzima obuphezulu kunye namandla omatshini, kwaye iyamelana nokunxiba kunye nefuthe.

Ukumelana nokutyiwa: Ibonisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokuhlwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye neatmospheri enomhlwa.

Ukuzinza kwe-Thermal: I-Silicon carbide inokugcina iikhemikhali ezizinzile kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.

Ukudibanisa kwezi zinto zimbini zenzai-silicon carbide graphite crucibles, ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, i-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo kunye nokuzinza okuhle kweekhemikhali, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo zokushisa okuphezulu.

 

2. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kunye ne-endothermic mechanism

i-silicon carbide graphite crucible ifumana uchungechunge lweekhemikhali kwindawo yokushisa ephezulu, engabonisi kuphela ukusebenza kwezinto ezinqamlekileyo, kodwa kwakhona ngumthombo obalulekileyo wokusebenza kwayo ubushushu. Iintshukumo ezinkulu zekhemikhali ziquka:

 

I-Redox reaction: I-oxide yensimbi iphendula kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa (efana nekhabhoni) kwi-crucible, ikhupha ubushushu obukhulu. Umzekelo, i-iron oxide idibana nekhabhoni ukwenza i-iron kunye ne-carbon dioxide:

 

Fe2O3 + 3C→2Fe + 3CO

Ubushushu obukhutshwe yile mpendulo bufunxwa yi-crucible, iphakamisa ubushushu bayo bonke.

 

I-Pyrolysis reaction: Kubushushu obuphezulu, izinto ezithile zidibana nokubola ezivelisa iimolekyuli ezincinci kwaye zikhuphe ubushushu. Ngokomzekelo, i-calcium carbonate ibola kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuvelisa i-calcium oxide kunye ne-carbon dioxide:

 

CaCO3→I-CaO + CO2

Le mpendulo ye-pyrolysis iphinda ikhuphe ubushushu, obufunxwa yi-crucible.

 

Ukusabela komphunga: Umphunga wamanzi udibana nekhabhoni kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuvelisa ihydrogen kunye necarbon monoxide:

 

H2O + C→H2 + CO

Ubushushu obukhutshwe yile mpendulo bukwasetyenziswa yi-crucible.

 

Ubushushu obuveliswa zezi ntshukumo zemichiza yindlela ebalulekileyoi-silicon carbide graphite crucible ukufunxa ubushushu, ukuyivumela ukuba ifunxe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye idlulise amandla obushushu ngexesha lenkqubo yokufudumeza.

 

Ntathu. Uhlalutyo olunzulu lomgaqo wokusebenza

Umgaqo wokusebenza wei-silicon carbide graphite crucible ayithembeli kuphela kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo zezinto eziphathekayo, kodwa ixhomekeke kakhulu ekusebenziseni amandla obushushu ngokuphendula kweekhemikhali. Inkqubo ethile imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

 

I-Heating crucible: Umthombo wokushisa wangaphandle utshisa i-crucible, kwaye i-graphite kunye ne-silicon carbide izinto ngaphakathi zifunxa ubushushu kwaye zifikelele kumaqondo aphezulu.

 

I-Chemical reaction endothermic: Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali (ezifana ne-redox reactions, i-pyrolysis reactions, i-steam reactions, njl.) yenzeke ngaphakathi kwi-crucible, ikhupha inani elikhulu lamandla okushisa, athatyathwa yi-crucible material.

 

I-Thermal conductivity: Ngenxa yomgangatho ophezulu we-thermal conductivity ye-graphite, ukushisa kwi-crucible kuqhutywe ngokukhawuleza kwizinto eziphathekayo kwi-crucible, kubangela ukuba ukushisa kwayo kuphakame ngokukhawuleza.

 

Ukufudumala okuqhubekayo: Njengoko ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuqhubeka kunye nokufudumala kwangaphandle kuyaqhubeka, i-crucible inokugcina ukushisa okuphezulu kwaye inikeze umbane oqhubekayo wamandla okushisa kwizinto eziphathekayo kwi-crucible.

 

Oku kuqhuba ubushushu obusebenzayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla obushushu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezului-silicon carbide graphite crucible phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa. Le nkqubo ayiphuculi kuphela ukufudumala kokusebenza kwe-crucible, kodwa iyanciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla, okwenza ukuba isebenze ngokugqwesileyo kwimveliso yezoshishino.

 

Isine. Ukusetyenziswa okutsha kunye nezalathiso zokwandisa

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwei-silicon carbide graphite crucible kwizicelo ezibonakalayo ikakhulu isekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngokufanelekileyo kwamandla obushushu kunye nozinzo lwempahla. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zezicelo ezitsha kunye nezalathiso zokulungiselela kwixesha elizayo:

 

Ukunyibilikiswa kwentsimbi enobushushu obuphezulu: Kwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa kwentsimbi enobushushu obuphezulu,i-silicon carbide graphite crucible inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo isantya sokunyibilikisa kunye nomgangatho. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-smelting yentsimbi etyhidiweyo, ubhedu, i-aluminium kunye nezinye izinyithi, i-crucible's high conductivity ye-thermal conductivity kunye ne-corrosion resistance ivumela ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nefuthe lobushushu obuphezulu bentsimbi etyhidiweyo, iqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yokunyibilikisa.

 

Inqanawa yobushushu obuphezulu bekhemikhali yokusabela:i-silicon carbide graphite crucible ingasetyenziswa njengesikhongozeli esifanelekileyo sokusabela kweekhemikhali zobushushu obuphezulu. Umzekelo, kwishishini lemichiza, ukusabela okuthile kobushushu obuphezulu kufuna imikhumbi ezinzileyo kwaye ekwazi ukumelana nokudumba, kunye neempawui-silicon carbide graphite crucibleUkwanelisa ngokupheleleyo ezi mfuno.

 

Ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha: kuphando kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha,i-silicon carbide graphite crucible ingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo esisisiseko sokulungiswa kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokudibanisa. Ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kunika indawo efanelekileyo yokulinga kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha.

 

Itekhnoloji yokonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa: Ngokusebenzisa iimeko zokusabela kweekhemikhali zei-silicon carbide graphite crucible, ukusebenza kwayo kwe-thermal kungaphuculwa ngakumbi kwaye kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngokomzekelo, ukuqaliswa kwee-catalysts kwi-crucible kufundwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-redox reaction, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ixesha lokufudumala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

 

Ukudityaniswa kwezinto kunye nokuguqulwa: Ukudibanisa nezinye izinto zokusebenza eziphezulu, ezinjengokongeza iifiber ze-ceramic okanye i-nanomaterials, kunokonyusa ukumelana nobushushu kunye namandla omatshini.i-silicon carbide graphite crucibles. Ukongezelela, ngeenkqubo zokuguqulwa ezifana nokunyangwa kokutyalwa komhlaba, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal conductivity ye-crucible kunokuphuculwa ngakumbi.

 

5. Isiphelo kunye namathemba exesha elizayo

Umgaqo we-endothermic wei-silicon carbide graphite crucible kukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwamandla obushushu ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zayo eziphathekayo kunye neekhemikhali. Ukuqonda kunye nokuphucula le migaqo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nophando lwezixhobo. Kwixesha elizayo, ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezinto ezintsha,i-silicon carbide graphite cruciblekulindeleke ukuba idlale indima ebalulekileyo kwimimandla yobushushu obuphezulu.

 

Ngokuqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nokwenza ngcono,i-silicon carbide graphite crucible iya kuqhubeka nokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kwaye iqhube uphuhliso lwamashishini anxulumeneyo. Kwiqondo eliphezulu lokunyibilikisa isinyithi, ukusabela kweekhemikhali ezinobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ezintsha,i-silicon carbide graphite crucible iya kuba sisixhobo esiyimfuneko, inceda ishishini lanamhlanje kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi lufikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu.